Difference between revisions of "Main Page"
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| style="padding:2px;" |<h2 id="mp-tfa-h2_2" style="margin:3px; background:#cef2e0; font-family:inherit; font-size:120%; font-weight:bold; border:1px solid #a3bfb1; text-align:center; color:#000; padding:0.2em 0.4em;"><span id="#Table of Contents"></span>Table of Contents <span style="font-size:85%; font-weight:bold;"></span></h2> | | style="padding:2px;" |<h2 id="mp-tfa-h2_2" style="margin:3px; background:#cef2e0; font-family:inherit; font-size:120%; font-weight:bold; border:1px solid #a3bfb1; text-align:center; color:#000; padding:0.2em 0.4em;"><span id="#Table of Contents"></span>Table of Contents <span style="font-size:85%; font-weight:bold;"></span></h2> | ||
− | {| style="width:100%; vertical-align:top; " | + | {| style="width:100%; vertical-align:top;" |
| | | | ||
<u>'''[[Transport & Attenuation Processes | Attenuation & Transport Processes]]'''</u> | <u>'''[[Transport & Attenuation Processes | Attenuation & Transport Processes]]'''</u> | ||
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*[[Advection and Groundwater Flow]] | *[[Advection and Groundwater Flow]] | ||
*[[Biodegradation - 1,4-Dioxane]] | *[[Biodegradation - 1,4-Dioxane]] | ||
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**[[Vapor Intrusion - Separation Distances from Petroleum Sources]] | **[[Vapor Intrusion - Separation Distances from Petroleum Sources]] | ||
**[[Vapor Intrusion – Sewers and Utility Tunnels as Preferential Pathways]] | **[[Vapor Intrusion – Sewers and Utility Tunnels as Preferential Pathways]] | ||
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<u>'''[[Characterization, Assessment & Monitoring]]'''</u> | <u>'''[[Characterization, Assessment & Monitoring]]'''</u> | ||
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*[[Characterization Methods – Hydraulic Conductivity]] | *[[Characterization Methods – Hydraulic Conductivity]] | ||
*[[Compound Specific Isotope Analysis (CSIA)|Compound Specific Isotope Analysis (CSIA)]] | *[[Compound Specific Isotope Analysis (CSIA)|Compound Specific Isotope Analysis (CSIA)]] | ||
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**[[Stable Isotope Probing (SIP)]] | **[[Stable Isotope Probing (SIP)]] | ||
*[[Natural Attenuation in Source Zone and Groundwater Plume - Bemidji Crude Oil Spill]] | *[[Natural Attenuation in Source Zone and Groundwater Plume - Bemidji Crude Oil Spill]] | ||
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<u>'''[[Climate Change]]'''</u> | <u>'''[[Climate Change]]'''</u> | ||
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*[[Climate Change Primer]] | *[[Climate Change Primer]] | ||
| style="width:33%; vertical-align:top; " | | | style="width:33%; vertical-align:top; " | | ||
<u>'''[[Coastal and Estuarine Ecology]]'''</u> | <u>'''[[Coastal and Estuarine Ecology]]'''</u> | ||
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*[[Phytoplankton (Algae) Blooms]] | *[[Phytoplankton (Algae) Blooms]] | ||
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<u>'''[[Contaminated Sediments]]'''</u> | <u>'''[[Contaminated Sediments]]'''</u> | ||
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*[[Contaminated Sediments - Introduction]] | *[[Contaminated Sediments - Introduction]] | ||
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<u>'''[[Munitions Constituents]]'''</u> | <u>'''[[Munitions Constituents]]'''</u> | ||
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*[[Munitions Constituents - Alkaline Degradation| Alkaline Degradation]] | *[[Munitions Constituents - Alkaline Degradation| Alkaline Degradation]] | ||
*[[Munitions Constituents - Composting| Composting]] | *[[Munitions Constituents - Composting| Composting]] | ||
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*[[Munitions Constituents - IM Toxicology | Toxicology]] | *[[Munitions Constituents - IM Toxicology | Toxicology]] | ||
*[[Munitions Constituents- TREECS™ Fate and Risk Modeling|TREECS™]] | *[[Munitions Constituents- TREECS™ Fate and Risk Modeling|TREECS™]] | ||
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<u>'''[[Monitored Natural Attenuation (MNA)]]'''</u> | <u>'''[[Monitored Natural Attenuation (MNA)]]'''</u> | ||
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*[[Monitored Natural Attenuation (MNA) of Chlorinated Solvents| MNA of Chlorinated Solvents]] | *[[Monitored Natural Attenuation (MNA) of Chlorinated Solvents| MNA of Chlorinated Solvents]] | ||
*[[Monitored Natural Attenuation (MNA) of Metal and Metalloids| MNA of Metals and Metalloids]] | *[[Monitored Natural Attenuation (MNA) of Metal and Metalloids| MNA of Metals and Metalloids]] | ||
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*[[Natural Source Zone Depletion (NSZD)]] | *[[Natural Source Zone Depletion (NSZD)]] | ||
*[[Monitored Natural Attenuation - Transitioning from Active Remedies| Transitioning from Active Remedies]] | *[[Monitored Natural Attenuation - Transitioning from Active Remedies| Transitioning from Active Remedies]] | ||
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<u>'''[[Regulatory Issues and Site Management]]'''</u> | <u>'''[[Regulatory Issues and Site Management]]'''</u> | ||
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*[[Alternative Endpoints]] | *[[Alternative Endpoints]] | ||
*[[Mass Flux and Mass Discharge]] | *[[Mass Flux and Mass Discharge]] | ||
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| style="width:33%; vertical-align:top; " |<u>'''[[Remediation Technologies]]'''</u> | | style="width:33%; vertical-align:top; " |<u>'''[[Remediation Technologies]]'''</u> | ||
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*[[Bioremediation - Anaerobic|Anaerobic Bioremediation]] | *[[Bioremediation - Anaerobic|Anaerobic Bioremediation]] | ||
**[[Bioremediation - Anaerobic Design Considerations | Design Considerations]] | **[[Bioremediation - Anaerobic Design Considerations | Design Considerations]] | ||
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**[[Thermal Remediation - Smoldering | Smoldering]] | **[[Thermal Remediation - Smoldering | Smoldering]] | ||
**[[Thermal Remediation - Steam | Steam]] | **[[Thermal Remediation - Steam | Steam]] | ||
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<u>'''[[Soil & Groundwater Contaminants]]'''</u> | <u>'''[[Soil & Groundwater Contaminants]]'''</u> | ||
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*[[1,4-Dioxane]] | *[[1,4-Dioxane]] | ||
*[[Chlorinated Solvents]] | *[[Chlorinated Solvents]] |
Revision as of 16:28, 5 June 2020
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The goal of ENVIRO.wiki is to make scientific and engineering research results more accessible to environmental professionals, facilitating the permitting, design and implementation of environmental projects. Articles are written and edited by invited experts (see Contributors) to summarize current knowledge for the target audience on an array of topics, with cross-linked references to reports and technical literature. | See Table of Contents |
Featured article / Phytoplankton (Algae) BloomsPhotoactivated Reductive Defluorination (PRD) is a PFAS destruction technology predicated on ultraviolet (UV) light-activated photochemical reactions. The destruction efficiency of this process is enhanced by the use of a surfactant to confine PFAS molecules in self-assembled micelles. The photochemical reaction produces hydrated electrons from an electron donor that associates with the micelle. These highly reactive hydrated electrons have the energy required to cleave fluorine-carbon and other molecular bonds resulting in the final products of fluoride, water, and simple carbon molecules. Since the reaction is performed at ambient temperature and pressure, there are limited concerns regarding environmental health and safety or volatilization of PFAS compared to heated and pressurized systems. Due to the reductive nature of the reaction, there is no formation of unwanted byproducts resulting from oxidative processes. The PRD reaction rate decreases in water matrices with high levels of total dissolved solids (TDS). The PRD reaction rate decreases in water matrices with very low UV transmissivity. Low UV transmissivity (i.e., < 1 %) prevents the penetration of UV light into the solution, such that the utilization efficiency of UV light decreases. Due to the first-order kinetics of PRD, destruction of PFAS is generally most energy efficient when paired with pre-concentration technologies, such as foam fractionation (FF), nanofiltration, reverse osmosis, or resin/carbon adsorption, that remove PFAS from water.
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